The Book of Fasting

Abu Huraira reported Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) as saying:

When there comes the month of Ramadan, the gates of mercy are opened, and the gates of Hell are locked and the devils are chained,

Narrated Abu Huraira:

Abu Huraira reported Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) as saying: When it is the month of Ramadan, the gates of mercy are opened, and the gates of Hell are locked and the devils are chained.

This hadith is reported by Abu Huraira (with a slight alteration of words) that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said:

" When (the month of) Ramadan begins."

Ibn Umar (Allah be pleased with both of them) reported Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) as saying in connection with Ramadan:

Do not fast till you see the new moon, and do not break fast till you see it; but if the weather is cloudy calculate about it.

Ibn Umar reported that Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) made a mention of Ramadan and he with the gesture of his hand said:

The month is thus and thus. (He then withdrew his thumb at the third time). He then said: Fast when you see it, and break your fast when you see it, and if the weather is cloudy calculate it (the months of Sha'ban and Shawwal) as thirty days.

This hadith is narrated on the authority of 'Ubaidullah with the same chain of transmitters, and he said:

If (the sky) is cloudy for you, then calculate thirty days (for the month of Ramadan).

'Ubaidullah narrated on the authority of the same chain of transmitters that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) made a mention of Ramadan and said:

The month may consist of twenty-nine days, and it may be thus, thus and thus, and (he further) said: Calculate it, but he did not say thirty.

Ibn'Umar (Allah be pleased with-both of them) reported Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) as saying:

The month of Ramadan may consist of twenty-nine days. So do not fast till you have sighted it (the new moon) and do not break fast, till you have sighted it (the new moon of Shawwal), and if the sky is cloudy for you, then calculate.

'Abdullah b. 'Umar (Allah be pleased with both of them) reported Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) as saying:

The month (of Ramadan) may consist of twenty nine days; so when you see the new moon observe fast and when you see (the new moon again at the commencement of the month of Shawwal) then break It, and if the sky is cloudy for you, then calculate it (and complete thirty days).

'Abdullah b. Umar (Allah be pleased with both of them) reported Allah's Measenger (ﷺ) as saying:

When you see the new moon, observe fast, and when you see it (again) then break it, and if the sky is cloudy for you, then calculate it.

Ibn 'Umar (Allah be pleased with both of them) reported Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) as saying:

The month may consist of twenty-nine nights. So do not fast till you have sighted it (the new moon) and do not break it till you have sighted it, except when the sky is cloudy for you, and if it is so, then calculate it.

Ibn Umar (Allah be pleased with both of them) reported Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) as saying:

The month is thus and thus and thus (i. e. pointing with his fingers thrice), and he held back his thumb at the third time (in order to show that it can also consist of twenty-nine days).

Ibn Umar (Allah be pleased with both of them) reported Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) as saying:

The month may consist of twenty-nine days.

Abdullah b. 'Umar (Allah be pleased with both of them) reported Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) as saying:

The month (of Ramadan) is thus and thus, and thus. i.e. ten, ten and nine.

Ibn Umar (Allah be pleased with both of them) reported Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) as saying:

The month is thus, and thus, and thus, and he flapped his hands with all their fingers twice. but at the third turn, folded his right thumb or left thumb (in order to give an idea of twenty-nine).

Ibn 'Umar (Allah be pleased with both of them) reported Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) as saying:

The month (of Ramadan) may consist of twenty nine days, and Shu'ba (one of the narrators) (gave a practical demonstration how the Holy prophet (ﷺ) explained to them) by unfolding his hands thrice and folding his thumb at the third turn. 'Uqba (one of the narrators in this chain of transmitters) said: I think that he said that the month consists of thirty days and unfolded his palm three times.

Ibn 'Umar (may Allah be pleased with both of them) reported Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) as saying:

We are an unlettered people who can neither write nor count. The month is thus, and thus. folding his thumb when he said it the third time.

This hadith has been narrated on the authority of Aswad b. Qais with the same chain of transmitters, but herein no mention has been made of the other month (consisting of) thirty days.

Sa'd b. 'Ubaida reported that Ibn'Umar (Allah be pleased with both of them) heard a person saying:

This night is the midnight (of the month). Upon this he said to him: How do you know that it is the midnight (of the month), for I heard the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) as saying: The month is thus and thus (and he pointed with his ten fingers twice) and thus (i. e. at the third time he pointed with all his fingers but withdrew or folded his thumb)?

Abu Huraira reported Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) as saying:

Whenever you sight the new moon (of the month of Ramadan) observe fast. and when you sight it (the new moon of Shawwal) break it, and if the sky is cloudy for you, then observe fast for thirty days.